How-to

How to Protect Yourself From Identity Theft

Updated Oct 28, 2026 2 min read By the WieHow – Home, Energy & Money Guides editorial team
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Quick answer

Freeze your credit at all three bureaus — it's free and stops criminals from opening new accounts in your name. Use unique passwords with a password manager, turn on two-factor authentication and review your credit reports regularly. If your identity is stolen, report it at IdentityTheft.gov to get a recovery plan.

On this page
  1. Step by step
  2. Warning signs
  3. If it happens

Identity thieves use stolen personal information to open credit cards, take out loans or file fake tax returns in your name. Prevention is far easier than cleaning up afterward.

Step by step

  1. Freeze your credit

    Place a free freeze at Equifax, Experian and TransUnion. You can lift it temporarily when you apply for credit.

  2. Use a password manager

    Create long, unique passwords for every account so one breach doesn't expose others.

  3. Turn on two-factor authentication

    Use an authenticator app where possible; it's safer than text-message codes.

  4. Check your credit reports

    Review free reports from AnnualCreditReport.com regularly for accounts you don't recognize.

  5. Protect your Social Security number

    Don't carry your card, and ask why a business needs the number before giving it.

  6. Get an IRS Identity Protection PIN

    An IP PIN helps prevent someone else from filing a tax return using your Social Security number.

  7. Shred sensitive documents

    Shred bank statements, pre-approved credit offers and medical bills before throwing them away.

Warning signs

  • Bills or collection calls for accounts you didn't open
  • Unexpected hard inquiries on your credit report
  • A tax return rejected because one was already filed with your Social Security number
  • Missing mail or statements

If it happens

  1. Report it at IdentityTheft.gov for a personalized recovery plan.
  2. Contact the companies where fraud occurred and close fraudulent accounts.
  3. Place or confirm credit freezes and add a fraud alert.
  4. File a police report if needed for creditors.
  5. Check your credit reports over the following months.
Never share codes: Banks and government agencies don't call to ask for one-time passcodes, passwords or gift-card payments. Hang up and call the number on your card or the official website.

Frequently asked questions

Does a credit freeze hurt my credit score?

No. A freeze doesn't affect your score and doesn't stop you from using existing cards.

Is identity theft protection service worth it?

Many services mainly monitor what you can check yourself for free. A credit freeze offers stronger protection at no cost.

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